The "5 Whys" method is a technique for finding the root cause of a problem by sequentially asking the question "why?" about the observed symptom. For example, if a system frequently freezes, the first "why" might reveal server overload, the second — insufficient code optimization, the third — lack of code review, the fourth — shortage of specialists, and the fifth — errors in the hiring process. This approach allows you to systematically identify and eliminate the real cause, rather than just dealing with the consequences.